Лектор докладно проаналізувала разом з учасниками неплатоспроможність у різних юрисдикціях, а саме:

 1. Вступ: поняття неплатоспроможності. Обговорення основної термінології.

2. Підхід США: Bankruptcy Code. Огляд термінології та основних процедур. Роль Роль trustee.

3. Підхід Великої Британії. Основні процедури (Administration, Liquidation, Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA). Роль Insolvency Practitioner.

4. Правове регулювання неплатоспроможності в Україні. Основні стадії процедури банкрутства. Роль арбітражного керуючого. Черговість задоволення вимог кредиторів.

5. Практичні завдання за темою заходу.

У рамках характеристики неплатоспроможності у різних юрисдикціях акцентовано на наступному:

1. Introduction: Concept of Insolvency. Key Terminology

Insolvency is presented as a financial condition in which a debtor is unable to meet its obligations as they fall due or when liabilities exceed assets. The presentation distinguishes insolvency from bankruptcy, emphasizing that bankruptcy is a formal legal procedure, while insolvency is an economic state .

Key terminology discussed:

·              Debtor – a natural or legal person unable to satisfy creditors’ claims.

·              Creditor – a person or entity holding a monetary or property claim against the debtor.

·              Insolvency proceedings – judicial or administrative procedures aimed at resolving the debtor’s financial distress.

·              Reorganization / restructuring – measures aimed at restoring solvency.

·              Liquidation – termination of the debtor’s activity with sale of assets to satisfy creditors.

2. United States Approach: Bankruptcy Code

The U.S. Bankruptcy Code as a federal legal framework governing insolvency proceedings. It highlights that bankruptcy cases are handled by specialized bankruptcy courts .

Main procedures outlined:

·              Chapter 7 – liquidation procedure.

·              Chapter 11 – reorganization, mainly for businesses.

·              Chapter 13 – debt adjustment for individuals with regular income.

Role of the Trustee:

·              Appointed to administer the bankruptcy estate.

·              Oversees liquidation or reorganization processes.

·              Protects the interests of creditors.

·              Ensures compliance with the Bankruptcy Code and court orders .

3. United Kingdom Approach

The UK insolvency framework is described as flexible and creditor-oriented, with several core procedures .

Main procedures:

·              Administration – aims to rescue the company as a going concern or achieve better results for creditors than liquidation.

·              Liquidation – winding up of the company and distribution of assets.

·              Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA) – a contractual agreement between the company and its creditors to repay debts over time.

Role of the Insolvency Practitioner:

·              Acts as administrator, liquidator, or supervisor of a CVA.

·              Manages the debtor’s assets and affairs.

·              Represents creditors’ interests.

·              Operates under statutory regulation and professional standards .

4. Legal Regulation of Insolvency in Ukraine

Main stages of bankruptcy proceedings:

1.            Initiation of proceedings.

2.            Asset management (disposal of property).

3.            Sanation (rehabilitation).

4.            Liquidation.

5.            Closure of proceedings.

Role of the Arbitration Manager (Arbitrazhnyi Keruiuchyi):

·              Acts as property manager, sanation manager, or liquidator.

·              Ensures preservation and management of the debtor’s assets.

·              Organizes creditors’ meetings.

·              Executes court decisions.

Priority of creditors’ claims:

·              Claims are satisfied according to a statutory hierarchy, ensuring orderly and fair distribution of assets among creditors .

As an example of Ukrainian judicial practice, the Ruling of the Commercial Court of Sumy Region in case No. 920/486/24 (30 July 2024) demonstrates the application of Article 45 of the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedures. The court closed the insolvency proceedings of an individual debtor due to the absence of creditors’ claims filed within the statutory 30-day period, emphasizing the mandatory nature of creditors’ procedural obligations and the importance of the debtor’s good faith.

5. Practical Tasks Related to the Topic

Practical tasks aimed at:

·              Identifying appropriate insolvency procedures for specific cases.

·              Comparing insolvency models of different jurisdictions.

·        Determining the role and powers of insolvency officers in various systems.

·              Analyzing creditors’ priorities and outcomes of proceedings .